Department Of Economics

MSc (Only for Continue Students)

aiousuper — Fri, 12 Jul 2024 05:45:33 +0000

MSc (Only for Continue Students) aiousuper Fri, 07/12/2024 - 10:45

MSc (Only for Continue Students)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Associate Degree in Economics

aiousuper — Thu, 11 Jul 2024 07:33:40 +0000

Associate Degree in Economics aiousuper Thu, 07/11/2024 - 12:33

Associate Degree in Economics

Introduction

The study of economics involves an analytical look at how scarce resources are allocated to various areas of production. It emphasizes the importance of making choices between desirable alternatives. The study of economics provides tools to make these choices in such areas as employment, economic growth, price stability, and trade. Associate Degree in economics program is designed for those students who, after completing their 12 years of education, are looking for some knowledge based, career oriented and market determined educational program in the field of economics. The program is the blend of different courses like theoretical, quantitative, and applied areas in economics, which will enable the students to review, analyze and provide solutions to complex problems with intellectual independence.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PROGRAMS

The main objective is to achieve the highest possible standards of education, teaching, and research in economics. More specific objectives are to:

Enhance the qualification of those who could not continue their education after HSSC through formal universities.
Impart sound theoretical and applied knowledge of economics.
Develop an ability in students to become effective independent researchers and learners.
Provide a thorough understanding of the economic theory pertaining to global economic issues and its impact on Pakistan’s economy.

Learning out comes of the Program.

To provide general knowledge of the economy, National Income, and various methods of National Income Accounting.
To provide the basic knowledge of various economic theories and economic models
To enable the students to attain basic understanding of the core courses of the discipline.
To empower the students for getting different analytical skills
To strengthen the students for understanding the policy formulation at various levels

Eligibility Criteria

An applicant having intermediate (F.A/FSc.) is eligible for admission.

Selection Process

Open Merit

Duration

2 Years

Medium of Instruction

English

Teaching Methodology

Open Distance Learning

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Functional English	Functional English	3(3+0)	9382
Islamic Studies/ Ethics (for Non-Muslim)	Islamic Studies/Ethics	3(3+0)	9401/5437
Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan	Ideology and Constitution	3(3+0)	9378
Quantitative Reasoning	Quantitative Reasoning-I	3(3+0)	9424
Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9335
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Expository Writing	Expository Writing	3(3+0)	9381
Civics and Community Engagement	Civic and Community Engagement	3(3+0)	9385
Quantitative Reasoning -II	Quantitative Reasoning-II	3(3+0)	9383
Introduction to Psychology	Social Sciences	3(3+0)	8411
Basics of Environmental Sciences	Natural Science	3(2+1)	9389
Principles of Microeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9301
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Arts Crafts & Calligraphy	Arts and Humanities	3(3+0)	6410
Entrepreneurship	Entrepreneurship	3(3+0)	5026
Application of Information and Communication Technologies	Application of Information and Communication Technology	3(2+1)	9384
Principles of Macroeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9302
Issues in Pakistan Economy	Major	3(3+0)	9317
Pakistan Studies		3(3+0)	9374
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Intermediate Microeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9303
Intermediate Macroeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9304
Introduction to Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9309
Introduction to Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9311
Development Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9315
Monetary Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9322
Total		18

1

2

3

4

5 Semesters

Workshop

The online workshop for each course will comprise of 12 hours, with 2 hours daily for 6 days except for project as per AIOU policy. Each semester will have a workshop for the courses offered in that particular semester. There will be an online quiz for every course at the end of the workshop.

The teaching practice course will have a face to face workshop.

Assessment Weightage

Assignments (Weightage)	Workshop (Attendance & Quizzes) (Weightage)	Final Exam (Weightage)	Passing Marks
20%	30% Quiz	50%	50% (in aggregate). However, 40% marks in final exams is mandatory.

Note: Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) reserves the right to amend the fee structure policy, course offering and assessment of courses when required. The existing course(s) will be adopted/adapted as per requirement. The department may change the sequence of the course(s) offering as per availability of course(s).

BS Economics (AD in Economics Based)

aiousuper — Thu, 11 Jul 2024 07:23:14 +0000

BS Economics (AD in Economics Based) aiousuper Thu, 07/11/2024 - 12:23

BS Economics (AD in Economics Based)

Introduction

BS Economics (For Associate Degree in Economics with at least 60 credit hours Based)

The study of economics involves an analytical look at how scarce resources are allocated to various areas of production. It emphasizes the importance of making choices between desirable alternatives. The study of economics provides tools to make these choices in such areas as employment, economic growth, price stability, and trade. The Bachelor of Science in Economics program is designed for those students who, after completing their Associate Degree in Economics, are looking for some knowledge based, career oriented and market determined educational program in the field of economics. The program is the blend of different courses like theoretical, quantitative, and applied areas in economics, which will enable the students to review, analyze and provide solutions to complex problems with intellectual independence.

Objectives of the Programs:

The main objective is to achieve the highest possible standards of education, teaching, and research in economics. More specific objectives are to:

Enhance the qualification of those who could not continue their education after Associate Degree in Economics through formal universities.
Impart sound theoretical and applied knowledge of economics.
Develop an ability in students to become effective independent researchers and learners.
Provide a thorough understanding of the economic theory pertaining to global economic issues and its impact on Pakistan’s economy.

Learning outcomes of the bridging semester courses.

To give a sufficient establishment in the fundamental subject, with the goal that students don’t confront with the academic issues when they join major course ahead.
To overcome any barrier between subjects learned at graduation level and subjects they would concentrate on B.S

Evaluation Policy:

As per AIOU approved assessment criteria at BS level.

Eligibility Criteria

An applicant having 50% mark in Associate Degree in Economics with at least 60 credit hours.

Note: a) BA/BSc OR Associate Degree in other Disciplines OR AD with less than 60 credit hours will be admitted in 4^th Semester.

b) Associate Degree in Economics with at least 60 credit hours will be admitted in 5^th Semester

Teaching Methodology

The program will be offered according to ODL Education Policy. Lectures will be delivered through the Learning Management System (LMS).

The distribution of courses

Sr. No.	Nature of Courses	No. of Courses	Credit Hours
1	Major (Economics)	16	48
2	Interdisciplinary	04	12
3	Capstone Project	01	03
4	Internship	01	03
5	Non-Credit	02	Nil
Total		24	66

Semester: 1
2
3
4
5
Semester: 2
Semester: 3
Semester: 4

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Microeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9305
Macroeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9306
Intermediate Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9312
Principles of Accounting	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5401
Intermediate Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9310
Fahm-e-Quran (Tajwid, Translation and Tafsir)		Non-Credit	9487
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
General Equilibrium & Welfare Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9307
Macroeconomic Dynamics	Major	3(3+0)	9308
Fundamentals of Econometrics	Major	3(3+0)	9313
Islamic Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9321
Money and Capital Markets	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5054
Seerat-E-Tayyaba		Non-Credit	9488
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course code
Public Sector Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9320
Econometric Methods & Techniques	Major	3(3+0)	9314
International Trade Theory &Policy	Major	3(3+0)	9319
Agricultural Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9331
Fundamentals of Business	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5402
Internship	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9336
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Research Methodology	Major	3(3+0)	9318
Population Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9326
Institutional Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9332
Energy Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9328
Principles of Management	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5414
Capstone Project	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9337

Total		18

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Semesters

Offering Semester: Spring & Autumn

BS Economics (BA/B.Sc/AD Based)

aiousuper — Thu, 11 Jul 2024 06:58:19 +0000

BS Economics (BA/B.Sc/AD Based) aiousuper Thu, 07/11/2024 - 11:58

BS Economics (BA/B.Sc/AD Based)

Introduction

BS Economics (For BA/B.Sc OR Associate Degree with less than 60 credit hours or Associate Degree in other disciplinesBased)

The study of economics involves an analytical look at how scarce resources are allocated to various areas of production. It emphasizes the importance of making choices between desirable alternatives. The study of economics provides tools to make these choices in such areas as employment, economic growth, price stability, and trade. The Bachelor of Science in Economics program is designed for those students who, after completing their 14 years of education are looking for some knowledge based, career oriented and market determined educational program in the field of economics. The program is the blend of different courses like theoretical, quantitative, and applied areas in economics, which will enable the students to review, analyze and provide solutions to complex problems with intellectual independence.

Objectives of the Programs:

The main objective is to achieve the highest possible standards of education, teaching, and research in economics. More specific objectives are to:

Enhance the qualification of those who could not continue their education after BA/BSc/ associate degree without economics through formal universities.
Impart sound theoretical and applied knowledge of economics.
Develop an ability in students to become effective independent researchers and learners.
Provide a thorough understanding of the economic theory pertaining to global economic issues and its impact on Pakistan’s economy.

Learning outcomes of the bridging semester courses.

To give a sufficient establishment in the fundamental subject, with the goal that students don’t confront with the academic issues when they join major course ahead.
To overcome any barrier between subjects learned at graduation level and subjects they would concentrate on B.S

Evaluation Policy:

As per AIOU approved assessment criteria at BS level.

Eligibility Criteria

An applicant having second class (minimum 45% marks) in bachelor’s degree BA/BScORassociate degree in other disciplines. OR AD with less than 60 credit hours.

Teaching Methodology

The program will be offered according to ODL Education Policy. Lectures will be delivered through the Learning Management System (LMS).

2.1) SCHEME OF STUDY B.S ECONOMICS

(BA/B.Sc. OR Associate Degree in other Disciplines Based OR AD With less than 60 credit hours Based)

The distribution of courses

Sr. No.

Nature of Courses

No. of Courses

Credit Hours

Major (Economics)

Interdisciplinary

Capstone Project

Internship

Non-Credit

Nil

Total

Semester: 1
2
3
4
Semester: 2
Semester: 3
Semester: 4
Semester: 5

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Intermediate Microeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9303
Intermediate Macroeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9304
Introduction to Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9309
Introduction to Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9311
Development Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9315
Monetary Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9322

Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Microeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9305
Macroeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9306
Intermediate Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9312
Principles of Accounting	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5401
Intermediate Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9310
Fahm-e-Quran (Tajwid, Translation and Tafsir)		Non-Credit	9487
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
General Equilibrium & Welfare Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9307
Macroeconomic Dynamics	Major	3(3+0)	9308
Fundamentals of Econometrics	Major	3(3+0)	9313
Islamic Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9321
Money and Capital Markets	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5054
Seerat-E-Tayyaba		Non-Credit	9488
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course code
Public Sector Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9320
Econometric Methods & Techniques	Major	3(3+0)	9314
International Trade Theory &Policy	Major	3(3+0)	9319
Agricultural Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9331
Fundamentals of Business	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5402
Internship	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9336
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Research Methodology	Major	3(3+0)	9318
Population Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9326
Institutional Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9332
Energy Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9328
Principles of Management	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5414
Capstone Project	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9337
Total		18

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Semesters

Offering Semester: Spring & Autumn

Mr Danial Waseem

aiousuper — Tue, 09 Jul 2024 07:20:16 +0000

Mr Danial Waseem aiousuper Tue, 07/09/2024 - 12:20

LDC

Mr Danial Waseem

051-9576845

danial.waseem@aiou.edu.pk

1

2

3

4

Ms Saba Irum Malik

aiousuper — Tue, 09 Jul 2024 07:16:53 +0000

Ms Saba Irum Malik aiousuper Tue, 07/09/2024 - 12:16

Lecturer

Ms Saba Irum Malik

051-9576832

Saba.irum@aiou.edu.pk

Education

B.A (2006) university of Punjab

M.A Economics (2008) Lahore College for Women University, Lahore

MS Economics (2021) Islamic International University, Islamababd

2 Experience

15 Years

Publications

Estimating the Socio- Economic Values of Forest Ecosystem Services Using the stated preference Method in Dir Kohistan (Pakistan) Journal of Asian Development Studies.

Human Capital Formation, Foreign Direct Investment Inflows, and Economic Growth: A Way Forward to Achieve Sustainable Development Journal of Management Sciences and social Services.

Published books

Microeconomic Analysis for BS Students AIOU

Research Methodology for BS Students AIOU

BS Economics (FA/FSc. Based)

economics_publisher — Thu, 11 Aug 2022 05:16:13 +0000

BS Economics (FA/FSc. Based) economics_publisher Thu, 08/11/2022 - 10:16

BS Economics (FA/FSc. Based)

Introduction

The study of economics involves an analytical look at how scarce resources are allocated to various areas of production. It emphasizes the importance of making choices between desirable alternatives. The study of economics provides tools to make these choices in such areas as employment, economic growth, price stability, and trade. Bachelor of Science in Economics program is designed for those students who, after completing their 12 years of education, are looking for some knowledge based, career oriented and market determined educational program in the field of economics. The program is the blend of different courses like theoretical, quantitative, and applied areas in economics, which will enable the students to review, analyze and provide solutions to complex problems with intellectual independence.

Objectives of the Programs:

The main objective is to achieve the highest possible standards of education, teaching, and research in economics. More specific objectives are to:

Enhance the qualification of those who could not continue their education after HSSC through formal universities.
Impart sound theoretical and applied knowledge of economics.
Develop an ability in students to become effective independent researchers and learners.
Provide a thorough understanding of the economic theory pertaining to global economic issues and its impact on Pakistan’s economy.

Learning Out Comes of BS Program.

To provide general knowledge of the economy, National Income, and various methods of National Income Accounting.
To provide the basic knowledge of various economic theories and economic models
To enable the students to attain basic understanding of the core courses of the discipline.
To empower the students for getting different analytical skills
To strengthen the students for understanding the policy formulation at various levels

Evaluation Policy:

As per AIOU approved assessment criteria at BS level.

Eligibility Criteria

An applicant having intermediate (F.A/FSc.) is eligible for admission.

Duration

4 Years

Teaching Methodology

The program will be offered according to ODL Education Policy. Lectures will be delivered through the Learning Management System (LMS).

The distribution of courses

Sr. No.	Nature of Courses	No. of Courses	Credit Hours
1	General Courses	12	36
2	Major (Economics)	26	78
3	Interdisciplinary	04	12
4	Capstone Project	01	03
5	Internship	01	03
6	Non-Credit	02	Nil
Total		46	132

Semester: 1
Semester: 2
Semester: 3
Semester: 4
Semester: 5
Semester: 6
Semester: 7
Semester: 8

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Functional English	Functional English	3(3+0)	9382
Islamic Studies/ Ethics (for Non-Muslim)	Islamic Studies/Ethics	3(3+0)	9401/5437
Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan	Ideology and Constitution	3(3+0)	9378
Quantitative Reasoning	Quantitative Reasoning-I	3(3+0)	9424
Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9335
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Expository Writing	Expository Writing	3(3+0)	9381
Civics and Community Engagement	Civic and Community Engagement	3(3+0)	9385
Quantitative Reasoning -II	Quantitative Reasoning-II	3(3+0)	9383
Introduction to Psychology	Social Sciences	3(3+0)	8411
Basics of Environmental Sciences	Natural Science	3(2+1)	9389
Principles of Microeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9301
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Arts Crafts & Calligraphy	Arts and Humanities	3(3+0)	6410
Entrepreneurship	Entrepreneurship	3(3+0)	5026
Application of Information and Communication Technologies	Application of Information and Communication Technology	3(2+1)	9384
Principles of Macroeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9302
Issues in Pakistan Economy	Major	3(3+0)	9317
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Intermediate Microeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9303
Intermediate Macroeconomics	Major	3(3+0)	9304
Introduction to Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9309
Introduction to Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9311
Development Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9315
Monetary Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9322

Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Microeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9305
Macroeconomic Analysis	Major	3(3+0)	9306
Intermediate Mathematical Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9312
Principles of Accounting	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5401
Intermediate Statistics for Economists	Major	3(3+0)	9310
Fahm-e-Quran (Tajwid, Translation and Tafsir)		Non-Credit	9487
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
General Equilibrium & Welfare Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9307
Macroeconomic Dynamics	Major	3(3+0)	9308
Fundamentals of Econometrics	Major	3(3+0)	9313
Islamic Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9321
Money and Capital Markets	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5054
Seerat-E-Tayyaba		Non-Credit	9488
Total		15

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course code
Public Sector Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9320
Econometric Methods & Techniques	Major	3(3+0)	9314
International Trade Theory &Policy	Major	3(3+0)	9319
Agricultural Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9331
Fundamentals of Business	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5402
Internship	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9336
Total		18

Name of Subject	Academic Cluster	Credit Hours	Course Code
Research Methodology	Major	3(3+0)	9318
Population Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9326
Institutional Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9332
Energy Economics	Major	3(3+0)	9328
Principles of Management	Interdisciplinary	3(3+0)	5414
Capstone Project	Mandatory	3(0+3)	9337
Total		18

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Semesters

Offering Semester: Spring & Autumn

MPhil Economics

aiousuper — Thu, 07 Apr 2022 03:28:35 +0000

MPhil Economics aiousuper Thu, 04/07/2022 - 08:28

MPhil Economics

Introduction

Economics is a study to know how individuals and societies choose to use the scarce resources, the nature and previous generation have provided. Economics explains how we can achieve a high level of growth and employment, price stability, efficiency, an equitable distribution of income, reduction in pollution, economic freedom, sustainable development, macroeconomic stability and reduction in poverty. All these goals can be achieved if we understand the theoretical concepts the on one hand and their applications on the other. There is a positive correlation between research and development. Research is the collection and use of data to test economic theories.

Being offered in semester Spring only.

Eligibility Criteria

The candidates securing second class or equivalent CGPA in Master Degree or BS (4-Years) in Economics having 16 years of schooling or 4 years of education after HSSC from a recognized university will be eligible to apply online for admission in MPhil Economics.

Procedure of Admission

There shall be a departmental admission committee responsible to finalize the admission.
Preliminary selection of the candidates will be made strictly on the basis of merit/criteria laid down by the Department/ University.
Subject based GRE test and interview will be essential for admission to this program conducted by the Department of Economics.
Only selected candidates will be informed about their admission and for depositing the fee. Fee depositing procedure will be mentioned in the intimation letter.
The prevailing University rules/regulations regarding MPhil enforced from time to time shall strictly be followed for the MPhil program in Economics.

Duration

The minimum duration of MPhil Economics is two years (four semesters) and the maximum duration shall be four years (08 semesters) as per HEC/AIOU rules.

Medium of Instruction

The medium of instruction and examination is English.

Teaching Methodology

Instructional Methodology

The following methodology will be adopted for running the MPhil program in Economics.

Study Material

The contents of courses along with the required reading material and assignments will be provided in the form of soft copy to the students.

Study material provided by resource person.

Classes Coursework

There is serial of mandatory classes in each semester during the course work. The number of compulsory face to face teaching hours shall be 48 for each 3-credit hour course.

Assessment System

Assessment will be done as under:

Assignments (continuous assessment). Two assignments are compulsory for each 3 Credit Hours Course
Mid Term Examination during each semester
For successful completion of each course the student will be required to qualify in each component.

Assessment Component	Total Marks	Passing Marks	Weightage
Assignments	100	50	10 + 10 = 20%
Assignment / Class Presentation	100	50	10 + 10 = 20%
Mid-Term Examination	100	50	30%
Final Examination	100	50	50%
Total Marks			100
Aggregate Passing Marks			50

To take final examination the student must pass in assignments and ensure 70% attendance in the classes.

Total Credits Hours Required

36 Credit Hours

Semester: 1
2
3
4
5
Semester: 2
Semester: 3
Semester: 4

Sr. No.	Course	Code	Credit Hours
1	Advanced Microeconomics	2700	3
2	Advanced Macroeconomics	2701	3
3	Development Economics	2704	3
4	International Trade Theory & Policy	2705	3

S. No.	Title of course	Code	Recommended book (Latest Edition)
1	Advanced Microeconomics	2700	Microeconomic Theory by PRG Layard and A. A. Walter
2	Advanced Macroeconomics	2701	Advanced Macroeconomics by David Romer.
3	Development Economics	2704	Leading Issues in Development Economics by Gerald M. Meier and James E. Rauch.
4	International Trade Theory & Policy	2705	International Economics by Dominick Salvatore.

ADVANCED MICROECONOMICS

Level M.Phil 3 Credit Hours

Code: 2700

UNIT NO.1 CONSUMER DEMAND FUNCTIONS

Utility Maximization
Interpretation of Lagrange Multiplier, Roy’s Identity
The Relationship between the Utility Maximization and Cost Minimization Models
The Derivation of Slutsky Equation
Derivation of Compensated Demand Curve

UNIT.NO.2 THEORY OF PRODUCTION

Production Processes and Production Functions
Rigid and Flexible, Homogeneous and Homothetic Production functions
Elasticity of Substitution: ECS Production Function
The Duality of Production Function

UNIT.NO.3 THEORY OF COST

Long-run vs. Short-run Cost and their Relationships
The Duality of Cost Functions
The Generalized Leontief Cost Function

UNIT.NO.4 MARKET STRUCTURE AND THEORY OF FIRM-I

Competitive Market: Short-run Supply, Long-run supply, Industry Supply Function, Market Equilibrium

Monopoly: Monopoly Price and Output, Price Discrimination, Multi Plant Monopoly, Regulated Monopoly

UNIT NO.5. MARKET STRUCTURE AND THEORY OF FIRM-II

Oligopoly: Cartels and the Cournot-Nash Equilibrium, Collusion as a Nash Equilibrium, Repeated oligopoly games, Stackelberg Equilibrium, Bertraind Equilibrium.

Bargaining: The Alternating Offers Bargaining Game, Incomplete Information Bargaining

UNIT NO.6. OPTIMIZATION OVER TIME

Optimization in the Bond Market/Market Rate of Return/Discount Rates and Present Values
Multi-period Consumption
Investment Theory of the Firm

UNIT NO.7 UNCERTAINTY

Expected Utility
The Problem of Choice in Situations Involving Risk
Risk and Insurance

UNIT NO.8 GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM

Consumption without Production (Pure exchange)
Production without Consumption: One-Sector Model
Production and Computation: Two-Sector Model
General Equilibrium in Production and Consumption

UNIT NO.9. WELFARE ECONOMICS

Society’s Economic Problem
Social Justice and Social Optimum
Capitalism, Market failure, and Alternative Economic Systems
Criteria for a Welfare Improvement
The Measurement of Welfare Cost
Trade off between Equity-Efficiency and Social Welfare Function

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

Walter Nicholson., and Christopher Snyder: Microeconomic Theory: Basic Principles & Extensions: South Western, Cengage Learning (Latest Edition)

Layard, P.R.G., and Walter, A.A. Microeconomic Theory: McGraw-Hill (Latest Edition).

Silberberg, E. The Structure of Economics: A Mathematical Analysis: McGraw- Hill (Latest Edition).

Varian, H.R. Microeconomic Analysis: Norton (Latest Edition).

Henderson and Quant: Microeconomic Theory: A Mathematical Approach: (Latest Edition).

McKanna, C., J., and Rees, R. Economics: A Mathematical Introduction: Oxford University Press (Latest Edition).

ADVANCED MACROECONOMICS

Level M.Phil 3 Credit Hours

Code: 2701

UNIT NO.1 REAL BUSINESS CYCLE THEORY

Some Facts about Economic Fluctuations
Theories of Fluctuations
A Baseline Real-business-Cycle Model
Limitations and Extensions of the Model

UNIT NO.2 TRADITIONAL KEYNESIAN THEORIES OF FLUCTUATIONS

Review of Traditional Keynesian Model of Aggregate Demand
The Open Economy.
Alternative Assumptions of Wage and Price Rigidity.
Trade Off between Output-inflation
The Cyclical Behaviour of the Real Wage

UNIT NO.3 NEW KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS

General Considerations of Small Frictions in Wages
The Need for Real Rigidity
Real Non-Walrasian Theories with Limitations

UNIT NO.4 CONSUMPTION

Consumption Under Certainty: Various Consumption Hypothesis
Consumption Under uncertainty: The Random Walk Hypothesis
The Interest Rate and Saving
Consumption and Risky Assets

UNIT NO.5. INVESTMENT

Investment and the Cost of Capital
A Model of investment with Adjustment Cost
Analysis of Investment Model and its Implications
Financial-market Imperfection

UNIT NO.6 UNEMPLOYMENT

Theories of Unemployment
A Generic Efficiency-Wage Model
A General Version of efficiency-Wage Model

UNIT NO.7 INFLATION AND MONETARY POLICY

Relationship among Inflation, Money Growth, and Interest Rates
Monetary Policy and the Term of Structure of Interest
The Dynamic Inconsistency of Low-Inflation Monetary Policy
The costs of Inflation

UNIT NO.8 THE SOLOW GROWTH MODEL

Critical Analysis of Solow Growth Model and its Assumptions
Dynamics of Model
The Impact of a Change in saving Rate in Solow Growth Model
Quantitative Implications of the Model

UNIT NO.9 BEYOND THE SOLOW MODEL: NEW GROWTH THEORY

Research and Development Models of Growth: Frame Work and Assumptions.
The Model without Capital, General Case of the Model
The Nature of Knowledge and the Determinants of the Allocation of Resources to Research and Development Models.
Models of Knowledge Accumulation and the Central Questions of Growth Theory

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

Romer, David, advance Macroeconomics. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (Latest Edition)

Barro, Robert J., Modern Business Cycle Theory. Cambridge: Harvard Press (Latest Edition).

Branson (William H. Branson) Macroeconomics, Theory and Policy, (Latest Edition).

Abel, Andrew B., and Ben S. Bernanke (Latest Edition). Macroeconomics. Reading MA: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.

ISSUE IN DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

Level: M.Phil 3 Credit Hours

Code: 2704

UNIT NO.1 INTRODUCTION TO DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS

Definition of Development Economics
Brief History of Development Economics
An Overview of Theories of Economic Growth and Development
Difference between Economic Growth and Development
Evolution of Measures of Development Economics

UNIT NO.2 HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The Role of Human Capital in Economic Development
Education Investment and Returns
Impact of education on Development Economics
Society and Development: Some major issues

UNIT NO.3 INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Impact of Development on Income Distribution
Economic Growth and Income Inequality
Inequality, Poverty and Development
Growth with Income Distribution
The U Hypothesis Relating Income Inequality and Economic Development
The Impact of Income Distribution on Development

UNIT NO.4 AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Agriculture as a Pre-condition to Economic Development
Critical Appraisal of Agricultural Policies
Designs of Agricultural Development Strategies
Role of Argo-based Industries in Rural Development
A comparison of Rural Credit Markets and Institutions in the International context
Importance of Community Based Organizations in Rural Development

UNIT NO.5 INDUSTRIALIZATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The Role and Importance of Industry in Economic Development
The Industrialization Strategies of Economic Development
Nature of Inter-sectoral Relationship during the process of Industrialization: Agriculture vs Industry, Light vs Heavy Industry, Consumer vs Produced goods Industry.

UNIT NO.6 MIGRATION AND URBAN INFORMAL SECTOR

The Evolving View of Urban Underemployment
The Informal Sector and their Connection with Rural-Urban Migration
Urban Growth in Developing Countries: A Demographic Reappraisal
Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labor
A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Unemployment in Less Developed Countries
Various Views of Underemployment in Less Developed Countries

UNIT NO.7 FINANCING OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The Political Economy of Foreign Aid
The Evolution of Trade or Aid Philosophy
Bilateral and Multilateral Aid
Forms and Volume of Foreign Aid
Economic Impact of Aid on the Recipient Country
Debate on the Debt and Debt Servicing Problem of Developing Countries

UNIT NO.8 DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT

Environmental Problems in the Developed and Developing Countries
North-South Trade and the Global Environment
Impact of International Trade on the Environment in Developing Countries
Determinants of Pollution Abatement in Developing Countries
Sustainable Development: Ecology and Economic Progress

UNIT NO.9 THE STATE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

The Role of State in Economic Development
The Need of Balanced Growth with the Development of Social Sectors
Basic Need and the Role of State in Development
The Political Economy of Rent Seeking Society
The Relationship Between Rent Seeking and Corruption
The Role of State for Institution Building Economic
Performance, Market a Imperfection, Public vs Private Sectors, etc.

REFERENCE

Gerald M. Meier and James E. Rauch, (2000), Leading Issues in Economic Development Latest Edition

Todaro P. Michael, Economic Development Latest Edition

Brenner, Y.S, Theories of Economic Development and Growth, New York, Latest Edition

Bruee Herrick Charles P. Kidleberger, Economic Development, McGrow-Hill, latest Edition

Evereth E. Hagen, The Economics of Development, Richard D. Irwin Inc. Latest Edition

Hirschman, Albert, The Strategy of Economics Development, Yale University Press, Latest Edition

Ray, D. (1998). Development Economics. Princeton University Press. (Latest Edition)

1. Thirlwall, A. P. (1989). Growth and Development: with Special Reference to Developing Economies. Springer.) Latest Edition.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE THEORY AND POLICY (2705)

Unit 1: Introduction

1.1 The Globalization of the World Economy

1.2 International Trade and the Nation’s Standard of Living

1.3 The International Flow of Labor and Capital

1.4 Purpose of International Economic Theories and Policies

1.5 The Subject Matter of International Economics

1.6 :

Unit 2: The Laws of Absolute and Comparative Advantage

2.1 The Mercantilists’ Views on Trade

2.2 Trade Based on Absolute Advantage: Adam Smith

2.3 Trade Based on Comparative Advantage: David Ricardo

Unit 3: The Standard Theory of International Trade

3.1 The Production Frontier with Increasing Costs

3.3 Community Indifference Curves

3.4 Equilibrium in Isolation

3.5 The Basis for and the Gains from Trade with Increasing Costs

Unit 4: Demand and Supply, Offer Curves, and the Terms of Trade

4.1 Offer Curves: Origin and Definition of Offer Curves. Derivation and Shape of

the Offer Curve of Nation 1 and 2.

4.2 The Equilibrium-Relative Commodity Price with Trade—General Equilibrium Analysis. 9

4.3 Relationship between General and Partial Equilibrium Analyses.

4.6 The Terms of Trade- Definition and Measurement of the Terms of Trade

Unit 5: Factor Endowments and the Heckscher–Ohlin Theory

5.1 Assumptions of the Theory

5.2 Factor Intensity, Factor Abundance, and the Shape of the Production Frontier

5.3 Factor Endowments and the Heckscher–Ohlin Theory

5.4 Factor–Price Equalization and Income Distribution

5.5 Empirical Tests of the Heckscher–Ohlin Model— The Leontief Paradox and

O there Empirical Tests of the H–O Model

Unit 6: Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, Technology, and International Trade

6.1 Economies of Scale and International Trade

6.2 Imperfect Competition and International Trade

6.3 Trade Based on Dynamic Technological Differences

6.4 Costs of Transportation, Environmental Standards, and International Trade

6.5 From Comparative to Competitive Advantage

Unit 7: Economic Growth and International Trade

7.1 Technical Progress- Neutral, Labor-Saving, and Capital-Saving Technical Progress

7.2 Growth and Trade: The Small-Country Case

7.3 Growth and Trade: The Large-Country Case

7.4 Growth, Change in Tastes, and Trade in Both Nations

Unit 8: Trade Restrictions: Tariffs and Non-Tariff Trade Barriers

8.1 Partial Equilibrium Analysis of a Tariff

8.2 The Theory of Tariff Structure- The Rate of Effective Protection, Generalization

and Evaluation of the Theory of Effective Protection

8.3 General Equilibrium Analysis of a Tariff in a Small and Large Country

8.4 The Optimum Tariff

8.5 Import Quota

8.6 Other Nontariff Barriers and the New Protectionism

Unit 9: Globalization and E- Trade

9.1 Globalization and international trade

9.2 E-trade and sustainable development in international trade.

9.3 importance of e-commerce in international services.

9.4 E-trade and inclusive growth and development.

9.5 Globalizing Electronic World Trade Platform.

9.6 Standard Steps of Policy Formulation.

Bibliography

Alam, M. H. (2019). Impact of E-Trade: From International Trade Law Perspective. European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research, 4(9), 174-176.Ahi, A. A., Sinkovics, N., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2023). E-commerce policy and the global economy: A path to more inclusive development? Management International Review, 63(1), 27-56.
Borchert, I., & Yotov, Y. V. (2017). Distance, globalization, and international trade. Economics letters, 153, 32-38
Capineri, C., & Leinbach, T. R. (2004). Globalization, e‐economy and trade. Transport Reviews, 24(6), 645-663.
Chacholiades, M. (1978). International trade theory and policy. (No Title).

Sr. No.	Course	Code	Credit Hours
1	Research Methods	2702	3
2	Applied Econometrics	2703	3
3	Environmental Economics	2706	3
4	Monetary Economics	2708	3

S. No.	Title of course	Code	Recommended book (Latest Edition)
1	Research Methods	2702	Business Research Methods by Donald R. Cooper and William Emory.
2	Applied Econometrics	2703	Learning and Practicing Econometrics by George G. Judge.
2	Environment Economics	2706	Environmental Economics by Barry C. Field.
4	Monetary Economics	2708	The Economics of Money, Banking and Financial Markets by Frederic S. Mishkin.

Research Methods
Code: 2702

UNIT NO.1 INTRODUCTION

Definition of Research
Problem based Research
Systematic and Nonsystematic Investigations
The research process
Kinds of research
Rule of fundamental, basic, and applied research

UNIT NO. 2 RESEARCH PROCESS IN SOCIAL SCIENCES

Introduction to scientific method in social sciences
Methods of social research
Research Problems: exploration, designing and sampling

UNIT NO3 CHOOSING THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

Identification of problems
Checking the research problem
The steps in empirical research study

UNIT NO.4 HYPOTHESIS AND HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION

Sources of hypothesis: general cultural, personal theory, personal theory, analogies
Forms of hypothesis: null form, prediction forms, declarative form, question form.

UNIT NO5 SURVEY AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH METHODS

Sample and sampling techniques: questionnaire preparation mailing the questionnaire, Interview method, etc.
Designs of research: meaning, purpose and principles.
Non survey data collection: techniques and experiments.

UNIT NO.6 THEORY OF MEASUREMENT

Nature of measurement
Measurement scales
Sources of measurement
Development of measurement tools

UNIT NO.7 DATA PROCESSING

Introduction
Editing & coding
Tabulation and graphics
Analysis of the data and graphics

UNIT NO.8 RESEARCH FINDING AND REPORT WRITING

Components of Research report: introduction, methodology, findings, conclusions, appendices, bibliography.
Basic principles of report writing

UNIT NO.9 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

Computer Orientation
MS Word
EXCEL
SPSS (Statistical Package)

SUGGESTED BOOKS

Donald R. Cooper. C. William Emory, Business Research Methods. National Book Foundation, Islamabad, (Latest Edition).

Bailey, Kenneth, D. Methods of Social Research, the Free Press, London 1998.

Paul, D. Leedy, Practical research planning & design Macmillan Publishing Cop. New York (Latest Edition).

Singleton &Straits, “Approaches to Social Research” Latest Edition, Oxford University Press

Kothary C.R. “Research Methodology” Latest Edition

Keith F, Punch, “Introduction to Social Research: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches” Latest Edition, Sage Publication

Uma Sekaran & Roger Bougie, “Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach” Latest Edition.

APPLIED ECONOMETRICS

Level: M.Phil Credit Hours: 3

Code: 2703

UNIT NO.1 ORDINARY LEAST SQUARES (OLS) METHODS

OLS estimators, assumptions and their properties, goodness of fit statistical inference.

UNIT NO.2 ESTIMATION OF GENERALIZED LEAST SQUARES METHOD

Estimation under Heteroscedasticity and Autocorrelation
Pooling of Cross-section and Time-series Data
Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR)

UNIT NO.3. SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS SYSTEM

Structural model vs. reduced form models. Identification problem and methods of identification. Single-equation vs. system equation estimation methods

UNIT NO.4 REGRESSION WITH QUALITATIVE VARIABLES

Dummy variables, structural shifts, seasonality, limited dependent variables, duration models
Models with Qualitative Explanatory Variables
Models with Qualitative Dependent Variables

UNIT NO.5 DISTRIBUTED LAG MODELS

Koyck Transformation
Rational Expectations

UNIT NO.6 NONLINEAR EQUATIONS

Methods of estimating nonlinear econometric equations and testing nonlinear parametric restrictions

UNIT NO.7 TOPIC IN TIME SERIES ECONOMETRICS

Distributed lags, AR, MA, ARIMA models, causality, ARCH model, stationary and co-integration and error correction

UNIT NO.8 DATA PROBLEMS ETHICS IN THE USE OF ECONOMETRICS

Aggregation, interpolation, time trends, data filtering data mining ethics in the use of econometrics

UNIT NO.9 SOME APPLICATION IN ECONOMETRIC

Consumption Function
Investment Function
Production function
Cost Function
Money Demand Function

RECOMMENDED BOOKS

Green, W.H. Econometric Analysis, (Latest Edition), New York: Macmillan.

Enders. W. Applied Econometric Time Series, New York: John Willy & Sons Inc., (Latest Edition).

Fomby, T.B., R. C. Hill and S.R. Johnson, Advanced Econometric Methods, New York: Springer-Verlag, (Latest Edition).

Kmenta J., Elelments of Econometrics, New York: Macmillan, (Latest Edition) Johnston, J., Econometric Methods, New York: McGraw-Hill, (Latest Edition)

Banerjee, A., J. Dolado, J.W. Galbraith, J. W. and D. F. Hendry, Co-Integration. Drror-Correction, and the Econometric Analysis of Non-Stationary Data: Advanced

Text in Econometrics, Oxford: Oxford University Press,(Latest Edition

Griffith, W. E., R. C. Hill, G. G. Judge Learning and Practicing Econometrics, John Wiely. (Latest Edition).

ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

Level: M.Phil Credit Hours: 3 Code: 2706

UNIT NO.1 INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMICS

Definition of Environmental Economics.
The Economic Approach
The Design of Environmental Policy
Cost Benefit Analysis
Economics and Politics
The Economy and the Environment

UNIT NO.2 ANALYTICAL TOOLS

Benefits and Costs, Supply and Demand
Aggregate Demand/Willingness to Pay
Marginal Cost and Supply
Economic Efficiency and Markets
Efficiency and Equity
Markets and Social Efficiency
Pollution Control – a General Model
Application of Equimarginal Principle to Emission and Reductions
Long-Run Sustainability

UNIT NO.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS

Frameworks of Analysis
Benefit-Cost Analysis: Benefits
Cost-Benefit Analysis: Costs

UNIT NO.4 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ANALYSIS

Criteria for Evaluating Environmental Polices
Decentralized Policies: Liability Laws, Property Rights, Moral Suasion

UNIT NO.5 STRATEGIES FOR POLICY ANALYSIS

Command and Control Strategies
Incentive-based Strategies

UNIT NO.6 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES IN THE DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

International Comparisons of Environmental Quality
Environmental Policy in Developed, Developing and Socialist Countries

UNIT NO.7 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT

General Considerations
Environmental Degradation in Developing Economics
Economy and Environment
The Pollution – Haven Hypothesis
Environmental Policy Choices in Developing Countries
The Role of the Developed Countries

UNIT NO.8 THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT AND INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS

Ozone Depletion
Global Warming
Biological Diversity
General Issues
The Economics of International Agreements
International Trade and the Environment

UNIT NO.9 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN PAKISTAN

Indicators of Sustainable Development
An Overview of Environmental Policy of Pakistan

BASIC TEXT BOOKS

Barry C. Field, (Latest Edition) “Environmental Economics” An Introduction McGraw- Hill International Editions New York.

Eban S. Goodstein, (Latest Edition) “Economics and the Environment” PRINTICE HALL, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458.

Tom Tietenberg, (Latest Edition) “Environmental Economics and Policy, ADDITION-WESLEY.

Scott J. Callan, janet M. Thomas, (Latest Edition) “Environmental Economics & Management, IRWIN.

MONETARY ECONOMICS

Level: M.Phil Credit Hours: 3 Code: 2708

UNIT NO.1 INTRODUCTION

Definitions Forms and Functions of Money
Measurement of Money
Evolution of Money and Payment System

UNIT NO.2 THE SUPPLY AND DEMAND FOR MONEY

Demand for Money
Models of Demand for Money
The Mckinnon-Shaw Hypotheses of Financial Repression in less Developed Countries and Cagan’s Demand for Money Model for Hyperinflation countries
Currency Substation and Demand for Money
The Money Supply Process
The Monetary Base Approach and the new View of the Determination of the Money Supply Process
An Overview of Empirical Evidence on Money Demand Function and Supply of Money in Pakistan

UNIT NO.3 FINANCIAL MARKETS AND SOME RELATED HYPOTHESES

Financial Markets, Primary Markets, Secondary, Markets, Money Markets, Capital Markets, Derivative Products and Derivative Markets.
The Markowiz’s Portfolio Selection and Asset Pricing Models of Capital Markets.
The Fisher and Fama Hypotheses of Efficient Capital Markets.
The Covered Interest Parity, Uncovered Interest Parity and Real Interest Parity Hypothesis of Efficient Global Money Market.
The Unbiased Efficiency Hypothesis of Efficient Foreign Exchange Market.

UNIT NO.4. MONEY IN MACROECONOMIC MODELS

Money in the Classical, Keynesian and Monetarist Macroeconomic Models.
The Transmission Mechanism of Money
Causality Between Money, Income, Prices and Interest Rates.

UNIT NO.5 INFLATION

Inflation: Definition and Measurement.
Inflation and Expectation
The Phillips Curve and the Natural Rate Hypothesis.
The Monetarist vs. Structuralist Approaches to Inflation
Overview or Empirical Evidence on a Variety of Inflation Models in Pakistan

UNIT NO.6. MONETARY POLICY IN A CLOSED ECONOMY

The Objectives and Instruments of the Monetary Policy
The Role of Monetary Policy
Need for a New Agenda of Monetary Policy
Pakistan’s Experience in Conduct of the Monetary Policy

UNIT NO.7 MONETARY POLICY IN AN OPEN ECONOMY

Internal and External Balance
The Policy Assignment Problem and the Principle of Effective Market Classification
The Effectiveness of Monetary Policy under Different Exchange-rate Regimes and Capital Mobility Scenarios.

UNIT NO.8. BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS AND CRISES

The Relationship Between Balance of Payments and Foreign Exchange Markets.
Elasticity, Absorption and Monetary Approaches to the Balance of Payments and Empirical Evidence on them.
Models of Balance of Payments and Currency Crisis. Financial Crisis in Asian Countries.

UNIT NO.9 PRACTICES OF MONETARY POLICY IN PAKISTAN

Monetary System in Pakistan
Role of State Bank of Pakistan in Formulation and Implementation of Monetary Policy in Pakistan
A Study of Inflation in Pakistan
Macro Economic Objectives and Role of Monetary Policy

TEXT BOOK

C. Mishkin F.F. The Economics of Money, Banking, and Financial Markets. Scott, Foreman and Company, London. (Latest Edition).

Ritter, L.S. and Peterson, R. L. Financial Institution and Financial Markets. New York. Basic Books, (Latest Edition)

Habbard, G.R. Money, The Financial System and the Economy. (Latest Edition). Addison-Wesley, New York.

Harris, L. Monetary Theory, New York: McGraw-Hill, (Latest Edition).

Pierce, D.G. and Shaw, D.M. Monetary Economics. London: Butter Worth, (Latest Edition).

Friedman, M. (1959) The Demand for Money: Some Theoretical and Empirical Results, Journal of Political Economy, 67,327-51

Laidler, D.E.W. (Latest Edition) The Demand for Money: Theories, Evidence and Problems, HarperCollins College Publishers, Ch. 5-9

Saqib, N., and Ahmed, A.M. (1986) Estimation of Demand and Money Supply Function for Pakistan: A Simultaneous Approach, Pakistan Development Review, 25, 856-59

Tobin. J. (1956) The Interest Elasticity of the Transaction Demand for Cash, Review of Economics and Statistics, 38, 241-47.

Bhatti, R.H., and Moosa, I.A. (1995) An Alternative Approach to Testing Uncovered Interest Parity, Applied Economics Letters, 2. 478-481.

Research Project / Thesis

2710

Research Project / Thesis

2710

1

2

3

4 Semesters

Offering Semester: Spring (Only)

Workshop

Workshop class online

Synopsis Orientation Workshop

The department will hold a synopsis orientation workshop to identify the topic for students’ research and develop the synopsis for their MPhil thesis. The synopsis will be submitted to Board of Advance Studies and Research (BASR) for approval.

Thesis

A student is required to carry research work under the supervision of an advisor having PhD degree in the relevant field (as per relevant HEC/AIOU rules). There is a mandatory workshop to discuss research proposals of the students.

Viva

After of evaluation of thesis, the student has to appear for viva-voce before the Research Proposal Committee (RPC)

Mr Sajjad Ahmad

aiousuper — Tue, 29 Mar 2022 06:32:26 +0000

Mr Sajjad Ahmad aiousuper Tue, 03/29/2022 - 11:32

U.D.C

Mr Sajjad Ahmad

051-9250075, VOIP: 6845

1

2

3

4

Mr Rizwan Ahmed Satti

aiousuper — Tue, 29 Mar 2022 06:31:03 +0000

Mr Rizwan Ahmed Satti aiousuper Tue, 03/29/2022 - 11:31

Lecturer

Mr Rizwan Ahmed Satti

051-9576831 , 6831

rizwan.ahmed@aiou.edu.pk

Education

PhD Scholar

Specialization: Microeconomics